In the booming wave of modern electric vehicles, the battery thermal management system (BTMS) has become the core technology to ensure vehicle performance and battery life. So, what exactly is a battery thermal management system and how does it work?
Ⅰ. The composition and function of the battery thermal management system (BTMS)
The battery thermal management system, abbreviated as BTMS in English, is a closed-loop temperature control system consisting of components such as heat transfer medium, measurement and control unit, and temperature control equipment. Its mission is to accurately control the operating temperature of the power battery in an appropriate range to ensure that the battery is always in the best use state, thereby fully guaranteeing the high performance and long life of the battery system and laying a solid foundation for the stable operation of electric vehicles.
Ⅱ. The working principle of the battery thermal management system
In the field of battery cooling of electric vehicles, liquid cooling technology has become the most widely used solution due to its stability and efficiency. Let’s take a deeper look at the working process of the battery liquid cooling system:
1. Heat exchange cycle: The battery directly exchanges heat with the coolant through the cooling plate to achieve heat transfer. Driven by the water pump, the heated or cooled coolant flows continuously into the heat exchanger. Inside the heat exchanger, the coolant undergoes a heat exchange and diversion process, thereby forming a continuous and stable cycle to ensure that the battery temperature is effectively regulated.
2. Cooling and heating mechanism:
-Cooling mode: When the battery needs to be cooled, the coolant absorbs heat from the battery and the temperature rises, and is sent to the heat exchanger by the electronic water pump. At this time, the refrigerant is passed into one side of the heat exchanger, and the high-temperature coolant is on the other side. In the heat exchanger, the two fully exchange heat, the heat of the coolant is taken away by the refrigerant, and the coolant with a lower temperature flows back to the battery to complete the refrigeration cycle.
– Heating mode: When the battery is in a low-temperature environment and needs to be heated, the refrigeration circuit is automatically closed, and the PTC liquid heater quickly starts working. After the coolant is heated by the PTC liquid heater, it is sent to the battery, and the heat is transferred to the battery through the cooling plate to achieve heating and temperature rise of the battery.
3. System composition: The battery liquid cooling system is a sophisticated integrated system, mainly composed of key components such as compressor, condenser, expansion valve, plate heat exchanger, electronic water pump, PTC liquid heater, expansion water tank and electrical control system. These components work together to achieve precise management of battery temperature.
III. BMS and BTMS: Differences and connections
In the field of battery management of electric vehicles, BMS (battery management system) and BTMS (battery thermal management system) are two crucial concepts. There is a close connection and obvious difference between them:
1. Concept scope: BMS covers a wide range and is a comprehensive system for comprehensive management of battery systems, including battery status monitoring, charge and discharge control, safety protection and many other functions; while BTMS focuses on thermal management of batteries and is an important part of BMS.
2. Work association: The automated operation of BTMS is inseparable from the precise instructions of BMS. BMS sends control signals to BTMS based on the real-time status of the battery, such as temperature, voltage, power and other parameters, and BTMS performs corresponding thermal management operations accordingly to ensure that the battery is always at the optimal operating temperature.
Ⅳ.As a leader in China’s bus air conditioning manufacturing and thermal management field, Snewang has profound technical accumulation and rich industry experience. We are committed to providing customized battery thermal management systems and bus air conditioning solutions for various types of vehicles such as 6-25m buses, city buses, long-distance buses, school buses, shuttle buses, special vehicles, etc. Our advantage lies not only in the excellent performance of our products, but also in the extremely short delivery cycle, which can quickly respond to customer needs and help customers seize market opportunities.
If you have any questions about battery thermal management systems, or are looking for professional products and services, please feel free to contact us:
– Email: info@snewang.com
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